lesson
A small mark can change the meaning
1 · Learn
Commas can clarify sentence structure. Compare 'Let's eat, Sam' with 'Let's eat Sam'. In the first, Sam is being addressed; without the comma, the words can be read very differently.
Do not place a comma at every breath. Check the grammatical job, such as marking direct address, separating list items or setting off an introductory phrase.
2 · Worked example
I write 'After the meeting, Jo returned the keys' with a comma after the opening time phrase. I do not split Jo from returned with an unnecessary comma.
3 · Your turn
Punctuate to show you are speaking to Maya: 'Please wait Maya'.
Check your answer
Please wait, Maya.
4 · Apply your learning
Proofread a paragraph for one unclear comma choice. Explain the intended meaning before changing punctuation.
Adult guidance and safety
Use these original short models alongside sustained reading of whole books, poetry and plays from varied periods and cultures. Discuss alternative interpretations using evidence. Plan, draft and revise longer work; individual spelling, handwriting and decoding support remain important.
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