lesson

Boundary and surface need different measures

1 · Learn

Perimeter measures the outside boundary; area measures covered surface. A rectangle 8 cm by 5 cm has perimeter 26 cm and area 40 square cm.

For a rectilinear composite shape, split the surface into rectangles to find area and trace every outside edge for perimeter. Do not count interior splitting lines as boundary.

Rectangle 8 by 5 Perimeter: 8 + 5 + 8 + 5 Area: 8 × 5
Read the labels alongside the explanation.

2 · Worked example

An 8 cm by 5 cm rectangle with a 3 cm by 2 cm top-right corner removed has area 40 − 6 = 34 square cm. Trace the remaining edges separately for perimeter.

3 · Your turn

Find the area and perimeter of a 9 cm by 4 cm rectangle. How could you estimate the area of an irregular drawn shape?

Check your answer

36 square cm; 26 cm. Overlay a square grid, count full squares and combine or estimate partial squares, stating that the result is approximate.

4 · Apply your learning

Draw a composite shape on squared paper, label lengths and calculate both measures using the appropriate units.

Adult guidance and safety

Model the calculation or measurement before relying on a procedure. Explain estimates, units and checks. Use a ruler/protractor and suitable diagrams where needed; text examples alone do not establish practical skill or fluency.

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Check a calculation · Year 5 onward

Use this only when your teacher or adult allows a calculator for the task. Show your thinking first. It does not replace mental or written arithmetic and does not mark your lesson answer.

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