lesson
Copied references may move
1 · Learn
When a formula is copied down, relative references usually adjust to the new row. Copying =B2*C2 one row down typically gives =B3*C3. This can save work but also spread an incorrect formula.
A total such as =SUM(D2:D5) includes the specified range. Check the first and last row and keep the total outside its own range. Adding a new record may require updating the range, depending on the tool.
2 · Worked example
I inspect the first and last copied rows rather than assuming every row is correct. If the final item is on row 6, a range ending at row 5 would omit it.
3 · Your turn
What is wrong with a total of rows 2 through 6 that uses only SUM(D2:D5)?
Check your answer
It omits D6, so the final record is not included.
4 · Apply your learning
Build a five-item fictional table, copy a formula and verify the total with an independent calculation.
Adult guidance and safety
Use a school-approved offline or supervised tool and fictional data. Keep work private, respect media permissions and check accessibility. Paper traces support understanding but do not replace running, saving and testing a real project. Do not enter passwords, addresses or other personal details into exercises.
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Check a calculation · Year 5 onward
Use this only when your teacher or adult allows a calculator for the task. Show your thinking first. It does not replace mental or written arithmetic and does not mark your lesson answer.
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