lesson

A sentence needs controlled boundaries

1 · Learn

A main clause can stand independently. A subordinate clause depends on another clause, as in 'Although the path was flooded, we continued.' The opening clause creates a relationship but is incomplete on its own in ordinary formal prose.

A comma alone does not normally join two independent sentences. Use a full stop, a suitable conjunction or an appropriate semicolon. Fragments can be deliberate in creative writing, but their effect should be controlled.

Main clauseSubordinate clauseSentence boundaryDeliberate choice
Key words and supplied examples.

2 · Worked example

I revise 'The bell rang, we left' to 'The bell rang, so we left' or 'The bell rang; we left.' The choice changes how explicitly the connection is stated.

3 · Your turn

Correct the comma splice in 'The rain stopped, the path remained flooded' while preserving the contrast.

Check your answer

Example: 'The rain stopped, but the path remained flooded.' A full stop or semicolon can also work with suitable context.

4 · Apply your learning

Identify clauses in your own paragraph and revise one boundary for clearer meaning.

Adult guidance and safety

Discuss interpretations using the words actually supplied. Give feedback on complete drafts and spoken contributions. These original short models must be accompanied by sustained whole-text study and a diverse reading programme; they do not fulfil author-in-depth or Shakespeare requirements by themselves.

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